Two New Releases from the DOE and EPA Are Set to Change the Energy Landscape
By: Dr. David R. Legates, Advisory Board Member, A Better Delaware
Amid a renewed push for energy deregulation under the second Trump administration, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) released a pivotal report titled “A Critical Review of Impacts of Greenhouse Gas Emissions on the U.S. Climate” on July 29, 2025. Commissioned by Energy Secretary Chris Wright and authored by a panel of five independent scientists, the report has been made available for public comment until September 2, 2025. This report scrutinizes the effect of greenhouse gas emissions on U.S. climate, extreme weather, sea level rise, agriculture, the economy, and societal well-being.
Key findings of this report challenges mainstream narratives with current state-of-the-art science. It concludes that climate models overestimate warming, as they are biased in their representation of surface and tropospheric warming, stratospheric cooling, snow cover, and albedo. The report highlighted the benefits of CO2, such as global greening and enhanced crop yields, while noting that no long-term trends in extreme weather events (e.g., hurricanes, tornadoes, and droughts) have occurred. The report notes that sea level rise projections carry deep uncertainties, with rates in the U.S. (~8 inches since 1900) being influenced more by local subsidence than acceleration. Economically, the report argues climate impacts are minor compared to energy poverty, with a low social cost of carbon (median $0.37-$18.67 by 2050) and potential net benefits from warming (e.g., reduced cold-related mortality that far offsets heat-related deaths). Conclusions urged prioritizing affordable energy over aggressive mitigation, as U.S. actions yield undetectable global effects.
Released on the same day as this report, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) proposed a rule to rescind the 2009 Endangerment Finding, which had declared greenhouse gases a public health threat under the Clean Air Act, thereby enabling regulations like vehicle greenhouse gas standards. The rule, informed by the DOE report, aims to eliminate all greenhouse gas emission standards for light-, medium-, and heavy-duty vehicles, aligning markets with consumer preferences amid declining EV interest. For example, surveys show a 30-40% sales drop without incentives like IRA tax credits, which was repealed via the Congressional Review Act. The new rule also cites changed circumstances since 2024, including lower fuel prices, policy shifts, and high compliance costs.
Arguments emphasized economic misalignment—consumers undervalue fuel savings, EVs strain electrical grids ($57 billion annual costs), and regulations increase fossil fuel use via substitution effects (i.e., half of U.S. reductions are offset globally). Projected net benefits of $157 billion to $444 billion annually from 2027 through 2055 are expected to be realized from reduced costs offsetting minor particulate matter emission increases.
Supporters hailed the new rule for economic relief and scientific balance. Implications include curtailed federal greenhouse gas regulation, boosted fossil fuel use, and legal challenges, potentially reshaping U.S. environmental policy amid global energy debates.
Dr. David R. Legates is a retired Professor from the University of Delaware and is the Director of Research and Education at the Cornwall Alliance for the Stewardship of Creation.